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洋紅是什么做的

  • 生活
  • 2023-04-17 15:12

洋紅是從一種熱帶昆蟲胭脂蟲雌蟲體內提取的天然染料。單純的洋紅不能直接染色,要和鐵、鋁等金屬鹽類媒染劑一起使用。溶于鉀明礬中帶正電荷,因此成為堿性染色劑。洋紅的等電點為4.07~4.5,在此pH時很難溶解,所以需要使用高于或低于其等電點的溶液溶解。

通常的染色方式:

1、醋酸洋紅:冰醋酸1體積、蒸餾水1體積、洋紅飽和量。制法:冰醋酸與蒸餾水混合煮沸,加入洋紅再煮20分鐘。

2、明礬洋紅:洋紅1g,銨明礬或鉀明礬10g,蒸餾水100mL。制法:先將明礬溶于蒸餾水,再加入洋紅煮沸,冷卻后加入少量防腐劑(水楊酸鈉、石炭酸等)。

3、硼砂洋紅:洋紅1g,4%硼砂水溶液100mL,70%酒精100mL。制法:洋紅加入硼砂溶液煮沸,充分溶解,冷卻后加入70%酒精即可。

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